Demonstration of the 1764 Manual of Arms*

Fort visitors watch the 1764 Manual of Arms from the -Attention to the Firing positions. 

The entire process of loading and firing is explained by Park Rangers while our Volunteer in period attire demonstrates the sequences.

Visitor are safely behind rops but are positioned to take great photos and videos.

*on certain occasions, these commands will be the Spanish 1728 version

Muzzle velocity was dependent on the quality of the gunpowder and the caliber of the musket in question, but on average was around 365m/sec.

A test with an original British Long Land Pattern musket firing a service standard .69 cal ball found an impact velocity of around 275m/sec ( or 617 miles per sec ) at 91m (100 yards). A test using ballistic gelatin with two layers of broadcloth and serge to represent a uniform coat and waistcoat, and a layer of linen to represent a shirt on the front and back of the gelatin blocks was conducted. It was found that the ball could completely pass through .82 meters of gelatin, and both the front and back layers of cloth represented a uniform. The weave and weight of the different layers of cloth represented historical examples used in uniforms of the time period.

Originally, gunpowder was made by mixing elemental sulfur, charcoal, and saltpeter (potassium nitrate). There was no definitive opinion on the ratios, which changed dramatically from country to country and over time. The current balance of 75% nitrate,15% charcoal, and 10% sulfur was settled in England in the mid-18th century. However, different countries had formulas that may partially account for their military success or failure. 

Changing the ratio of the ingredients also affects the rate at which the gunpowder burns and the amount of smoke it produces. Gunpowder produces much smoke, which can impair vision on a battlefield or reduce the visibility of fireworks. Incidentally, charcoal is not the only fuel that can be used. Sugar is used in many pyrotechnic applications.

Fffg powder 7000 grains

7000 divided 125 = 58-60 rounds